Empisa za charge ne discharge kye ki?
charge ne .okufulumyaobubonero
Battery za lithium-zitera okukozesa enkola y’okucaajinga ey’omutendera bbiri-okukakasa obukuumi, okwesigika, n’obulungi bw’okucaajinga. Omutendera ogusooka ye kasasiro atakyukakyuka nga vvulovumenti ekoma, ate omutendera ogw’okubiri guba vvulovumenti etakyukakyuka nga akasannyalazo kakoma. Ekkomo ku vvulovumenti esinga obunene ey’okucaajinga bbaatule ya lithium-ekyukakyuka okusinziira ku kintu kya katodi. Basic charge/discharge voltage curves za lithium-battery ya ion biragiddwa mu kifaananyi 3-11. Ebikoona ebiri mu kifaananyi bikozesa akasannyalazo ka chajingi/kasannyalaze aka c/3. Ku bbaatule za lithium-ion ez’enjawulo, enjawulo enkulu ziba za mirundi ebiri:
1) Omuwendo ogusinga obulungi ogw’amasannyalaze ogutakyukakyuka ku mutendera ogusooka gwawukana okusinziira ku kintu kya katoodi ya bbaatule n’enkola y’okukola. Okutwalira awamu, ekigerageranyo ekiriwo kati ekya 0.2c okutuuka ku 0.3C kikozesebwa. Mu mbeera y’okukozesa amaanyi amangu, 1C, 2C, oba n’emiwendo egy’oku ntikko giyinza okukozesebwa.
. Okusinziira ku ndowooza y’okukozesebwa kw’emmotoka ez’amasannyalaze ez’omugaso, ekiseera ekiwanvu ekitakyukakyuka kivaamu ekiseera ekitono eky’okusasuza omugatte, ekisinga okuba eky’omugaso eri okukozesebwa.
Lithium-Orimu vvulovumenti ya bbaatule enywevu era ekendeera mpola mu mutendera ogw’okusooka n’ogw’omu makkati ogw’okufulumya, naye egwa mangu mu mitendera egy’oluvannyuma, nga bwe kiragibwa mu kitundu DE eky’ekifaananyi 3-11. Okufuga okulungi kikulu nnyo mu kiseera kino okuziyiza okusiibulwa okusukkiridde n’okwonooneka okutasobola kuddamu ku bbaatule.
Ensonga ezikwata ku mpisa z’okucaajinga .
(1) ekikolwa ky’Okucaajinga current .Ku charging characteristics okutwala ncm lithium ezimu-ion battery n'obusobozi rated ya 242a·h nga ekyokulabirako, wansi w'embeera SOC=0% ne constant temperature ya 20℃, emiwendo egy'enjawulo egy'okucaajinga gyakozesebwa okucaajinga. Ebivudde mu paramita biragiddwa mu kipande 3-1 era ekipimo ky’okucaajinga kiragibwa mu kifaananyi 3-12.
Omulongooti 3-1 Ebipimo by’okusasula ku miwendo egy’enjawulo egy’okusasula .
| Current/A(Omuwendo) . | cc-CV1 . | Obutakyukakyuka PurrentTime/S . | Omugatte gw'obusobozi bw'okusasula/A·H . | Omugatte gw'ensimbi ezisasuliddwa/w·h . | Obusobozi obutakyukakyuka obw’amasannyalaze/a·h . | Amasoboza agatali gakyukakyuka aga vvulovumenti/w·h . | 170a·Htime/s . | 170A·Hcurrent/A . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.84/(0.02C) | 182220 | 182220 | 245.74 | 942.54 | 245.74 | 942.54 | 127400 | 4.85 |
| 12.1/(0.05C) | 72318.5 | 72318.5 | 243.70 | 935.37 | 243.70 | 935.37 | 50400 | 12.11 |
| 24.2/(0.1C) | 36206.8 | 35800 | 243.20 | 935.77 | 241.03 | 926.69 | 25200 | 24.24 |
| 48.4/(0.2C) | 18317.5 | 17560 | 241.08 | 933.32 | 236.32 | 912.16 | 12600 | 48.44 |
| 80.7/(0.33C) | 11443.6 | 10490 | 243.50 | 946.27 | 235.29 | 910.08 | 7590 | 80.76 |
| 121/(0.5C) | 7936.6 | 6900 | 243.92 | 952.95 | 232.09 | 900.85 | 5110 | 121.09 |
1 CC, akasannyalazo akatali kakyukakyuka; CV, vvulovumenti etakyukakyuka.
Nga bwe kiragibwa mu kipande 3-1, ekiseera ky’amasannyalaze ekitali kikyuka kikendeera mpolampola nga current y’okucaajinga yeeyongera, n’obusobozi n’amasoboza ebiyinza okucaajinga wansi wa kasannyalazo obutakyukakyuka nabyo bikendeera mpolampola. Okutwala obusobozi bw’okucaajinga n’okusumulula 1/2 (kwe kugamba, SOC=50%) ng’omutindo, obudde obwetaagisa obw’okucaajinga bukendeera nga current y’okucaajinga yeeyongera; Obudde obwetaagisa ku 0.1c buba nga emirundi 5 obwo ku 0.5C. Mu mbeera eno, enjawulo eriwo kati ey’okugenda mu maaso n’okucaajinga ntono, kale obudde bw’okucaajinga ku 30A·H obusembayo si bwa njawulo nnyo. N’olwekyo, munda mu bbaatule ekkirizibwa okucaajinga, okwongera ku current y’okucaajinga, wadde nga kikendeeza ku busobozi n’amaanyi ebiyinza okucaajinga wansi wa current etakyukakyuka, kiyamba okukendeeza ku budde bw’okucaajinga okutwalira awamu. Mu nkola za bbaatule ezikola, akasannyalazo akasinga okukkirizibwa aka bbaatule ya lithium-ion kasobola okukozesebwa okucaajinga, era oluvannyuma lw’okutuuka ku kkomo lya vvulovumenti, okucaajinga vvulovumenti buli kiseera kuyinza okukolebwa. Kino kikendeeza ku budde bw’okusasula ate nga kikakasa nti obukuumi bw’okucaajinga. Wabula okwongera ku kasannyalazo akacaajinga nakyo kijja kuleetera okufiirwa amaanyi okweyongera olw’obuziyiza bwa bbaatule munda. Amasoboza agakozesebwa mu buziyiza obw’omunda gabalirirwa okusinziira ku nsengekera (3-4).
awali e ye maanyi agakozesebwa okuziyiza okw’omunda;
R ye resistance ya bbaatule ey’omunda;
T ye nkyukakyuka y’obudde bw’okucaajinga;
Nze ye current y’okucaajinga;
T1 ne T2 bye biseera ebitandika n’ebikoma.
Okugezesa okunene kulaga nti obuziyiza obw’omunda obwa bbaatule za lithium-ekyuka mu 0.4 mΩ mu kiseera ky’okucaajinga. N’olwekyo, ensengekera (3-4) eraga nti enkozesa y’amasoboza olw’obuziyiza obw’omunda mu bbaatule mu bukulu ekwatagana mu layini n’obudde bw’okucaajinga, naye nga bukwatagana mu ngeri ya quadratically n’akasannyalazo k’okucaajinga. Mu kiseera ky’omutendera gw’okucaajinga ogw’amasannyalaze ogutakyukakyuka, obunene bw’akasannyalazo akakuba kye kintu ekikulu ekikwata ku kukozesa amaanyi ag’obuziyiza obw’omunda; Akasannyalazo akacaajinga aka waggulu kavaamu okukozesa amaanyi amangi. Mu kiseera kya vvulovumenti etakyukakyuka, omutendera gwa kasasiro omutono, obudde bw’okucaajinga bufuuka ensonga enkulu ekwata ku kuziyiza kw’obuziyiza obw’omunda enkozesa y’amasoboza; Ekiseera ekiwanvu eky’okucaajinga kivaamu okukozesa amaanyi amangi. Okulowooza ku nkola yonna ey’okucaajinga, okuva akasannyalazo k’okucaajinga bwe kalina enkolagana ya kkuudraati n’amaanyi g’obuziyiza obw’omunda agakozesebwa era y’ensonga enkulu egikosa, akasannyalazo akacaajinga aka waggulu kavaamu amaanyi amangi ag’okuziyiza munda. Mu nkola ya bbaatule entuufu, akasannyalazo akatuufu aka chajingi kalina okulondebwa nga kalowooza mu bujjuvu ku biseera byombi eby’okucaajinga n’obulungi.
(2) Ekikolwa ky’obuziba bw’okufulumya ku mpisa z’okucaajinga wansi w’ebbugumu eritali lya bulijjo erya 20℃, okugezesebwa kw’okufulumya kwakolebwa ku bbaatule ya NCM-ion nga erina obusobozi obugerekeddwa obwa 66.2 A·H. Battery yafulumizibwa ku sipiidi ya 0.5C mu buziba obw’enjawulo obw’okufulumya (DOD) (10%→100%), ekikwatagana n’embeera y’omusannyalazo (SOC) eya 90%→0%. Voltage, current, ne capacity data byawandiikibwa mu nkola y’okufulumya. Oluvannyuma lw’okuwummula okumala eddakiika 60, bbaatule yasasuddwa ku sipiidi ya 0.5c (CC). Voltage ey’okusalako bwe yatuuka, engeri y’okucaajinga yakyusibwa n’efuuka vvulovumenti etakyukakyuka (CV). Akasannyalazo bwe kaali wansi wa 0.05C, enkola yayimirira, era data ya vvulovumenti, n’obusobozi n’ewandiikibwa. Ebiwandiiko ebikwatagana biragiddwa mu kipande 3-2. Enkulungo z’amasannyalaze aga chajingi eza bbaatule ya lithium-ion wansi w’obuziba obw’enjawulo obw’embeera z’okufulumya ziragiddwa mu kifaananyi 3-13.
Omulongooti 3-2 Ebipimo by’okugezesa okucaajinga ku buziba obw’enjawulo obw’okufulumya .
| SOC . | DOD . | Okufulumya | Okulamula | Amaanyi ag’enkanankana-obusobozi obulina obusobozi 1/w·h . | Equal-Obusobozi obuleese amasoboza 2 . | Okusasula obudde/min . | Ekiseera ekitakyukakyuka ekiseera/min . | Obusobozi obutakyukakyuka obw’amasannyalaze/a·h . | Average charging timeper unit obusobozi | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obusobozi/A·H . | Amaanyi/w·h . | Obusobozi/A·H . | Amaanyi/w·h . | ||||||||
| 80.00 | 20.00 | 13.35 | 54.03 | 13.48 | 55.88 | 27.94 | 27.02 | 41.13 | 33.50 | 12.32 | 3.05 |
| 70.00 | 30.00 | 20.02 | 80.16 | 19.99 | 82.08 | 27.36 | 26.72 | 59.23 | 50.83 | 18.69 | 2.96 |
| 60.00 | 40.00 | 26.69 | 105.62 | 26.61 | 108.19 | 27.05 | 26.41 | 77.72 | 68.50 | 25.19 | 2.92 |
| 50.00 | 50.00 | 33.36 | 130.42 | 33.27 | 133.61 | 26.72 | 26.08 | 96.02 | 86.67 | 31.87 | 2.89 |
| 40.00 | 60.00 | 40.04 | 154.61 | 39.95 | 158.50 | 26.42 | 25.77 | 114.18 | 104.83 | 38.55 | 2.86 |
| 30.00 | 70.00 | 46.71 | 178.38 | 46.61 | 182.97 | 26.14 | 25.48 | 132.28 | 123.00 | 45.22 | 2.84 |
| 20.00 | 80.00 | 53.38 | 201.73 | 53.26 | 207.07 | 25.88 | 25.22 | 150.40 | 141.00 | 51.84 | 2.82 |
| 10.00 | 90.00 | 60.05 | 224.45 | 59.92 | 230.62 | 25.62 | 24.94 | 168.47 | 159.17 | 58.52 | 2.81 |
1 Equal-Obusobozi obukung’aanyiziddwa Amasoboza: Amasoboza agasaajana wansi w’enkyukakyuka ya SOC y’emu (okugeza, 10%). Okugeza: Singa obusobozi bw’okusasuza ku 90% DOD buba 30W·h, amaanyi ag’enkanankana-amasoboza aga chajingi aga chajingi gali 30W·h; Singa obusobozi bw’okucaajinga ku 80% DOD buba 50W·h, amasoboza ag’enkanankana-obusobozi 25W·h.
5 Equal-Obusobozi bw’amasoboza agafuluma: Amasoboza agafuluma wansi w’enkyukakyuka ya SOC y’emu (okugeza, 10%).
3 Obudde bw’okusasuza buli yuniti y’obusobozi /min: Obudde bw’okusasuza / Obusobozi bw’okucaajinga.
Okuva mu kipande 3-2 n’ekifaananyi 3-13, ebifundikwa bino wammanga bisobola okuggyibwawo:
1) Nga obuziba bw’okufulumya bweyongera, obudde bw’okucaajinga bweyongera, naye obudde bw’okucaajinga obwa wakati buli yuniti y’obusobozi bukendeera, ekitegeeza nti okweyongera mu budde bw’okucaajinga tekugeraageranye na buziba bwa kufulumya.
2) Nga obuziba bw’okufulumya obweyongera, ekitundu ky’obudde bw’okucaajinga obutakyukakyuka okutuuka ku budde bw’okucaajinga bwonna bweyongera, era ekitundu ky’obusobozi bw’okucaajinga obutakyukakyuka obutakyukakyuka okutuuka ku busobozi bw’okucaajinga obwetaagisa kyeyongera. Mu butuufu, engeri zino zisinga kuva ku bintu bibiri: ekisooka, obuziba obw’amaanyi obw’okufulumya bwetaaga ekiseera ekiwanvu okusobola okujjuza bbaatule mu bujjuvu; Ekyokubiri, obuziba obuziba obw’okufulumya bukwatagana n’obuwanvu bwa vvulovumenti eya wansi, ekivaamu amaanyi matono okucaajinga mu bbaatule wansi w’embeera y’emu ey’akasannyalazo n’ekiseera ky’okucaajinga.
(3) Enkola y’ebbugumu ku mpisa z’okucaajinga lithium-battery za ion za chajingi wansi w’ebbugumu ery’enjawulo eribeera mu kifo. Okutwala bbaatule ya 66.2 A·H NCM -ion ng’ekyokulabirako, enkola y’okukomya amasannyalaze n’obungi bwa vvulovumenti yakozesebwa. Ebipimo by’okucaajinga byawandiikibwa ng’ekkomo ly’amasannyalaze agasasulira nga 1.3 A ne 3.3 A, nga bwe kiragibwa mu kipande 3-3. Wansi wa current y’emu ey’okufulumya, vvulovumenti ya bbaatule ejja kufuna okugwa okusongovu, nga bwe kiragibwa mu kifaananyi 3-13. Naye olw’okuba vvulovumenti esigala waggulu nnyo, amasoboza g’okufulumya gakyali waggulu. Mu mutendera ogusooka ogw’okufulumya, amasoboza agakozesebwa okuziyiza kwa bbaatule okw’omunda lyongera ku bbugumu lya bbaatule, lyongera ku mirimu gy’ebintu bya bbaatule ebikola lithium-ion, era ne bisitula vvulovumenti ya bbaatule, bwe kityo ne kyongera amaanyi agayinza okufuluma. Mu mutendera ogw’omu makkati n’ogw’oluvannyuma ogw’okufulumya, vvulovumenti ya bbaatule ekendeera, era amaanyi agafulumizibwa buli yuniti y’obudde gakendeera okusinziira ku ekyo.
Ku bbugumu lye limu era nga lirina vvulovumenti y’okukomya okufuluma y’emu, amasannyalaze ag’enjawulo ag’okukomya okufulumya gajja kuvaamu enjawulo mu busobozi n’amasoboza ebifulumizibwa. Okutwalira awamu, mu mbeera z’ebbugumu eza bulijjo, akasannyalazo gye kakoma okuba wansi, obusobozi n’amasoboza ebifulumizibwa gye bikoma okuba ebinene. Nga bwe kiri mu kugezesa okufuluma okwogeddwako waggulu, 0.2c efulumya obusobozi n’amasoboza ebisinga 3.2% okusinga 1C.
