Omulimu gw’okusiibulwa kye ki?
Omulimu gw'okufulumya amazzi .
Okwefuula -Okufulumya .
self-afulumya kitegeeza ekintu ekirabika nga obusobozi bwa bbaatule obukozesebwa bukendeera mu ngeri ey’otoma olw’enkola z’eddagala ez’okwekolako oba ezitali za kigendererwa munda mu bbaatule. Okusinga kizingiramu ensengekera za redox ez’okwekolako mu bintu eby’obusannyalazo. Ku bisannyalazo ebibiri, ekisannyalazo ekibi kye kisinga okwetooloola-ekifuuwa, ekimalawo ebintu ebikola. Battery Self-Okufulumya kukwatagana nnyo n'embeera y'okutereka bbaatule.
Okwefuula -Omuwendo gw'okufulumya .
Self-Omuwendo gw'okufuuwa gutegeeza omutindo bbaatule kw'ebula obusobozi bwe yeefulumya wansi wa NO-embeera y'omugugu mu kiseera ky'okutereka. Okwefuula-omuwendo gw’okufulumya gulagibwa nga ebitundu ku kikumi eby’okukendeeza ku busobozi bwa bbaatule buli yuniti y’obudde (omwezi oba omwaka).
Mu nkola, AHₐ ekiikirira obusobozi bwa bbaatule mu kiseera ky’okutereka (A·H);
AH_B ekiikirira obusobozi bwa bbaatule oluvannyuma lw'okutereka (A·H);
T ekiikirira obudde bwa bbaatule okutereka (emyezi oba emyaka).
Omutindo gw’okwefuula-okutwalira awamu gukwatagana n’obudde n’ebbugumu eribeera mu kifo. Ebbugumu eririraanyewo gye likoma okuba ery’amaanyi, ekintu ekifulumya amazzi (discharge phenomenon) gye kikoma okulabika obulungi. N’olwekyo, bbaatule zirina okuddamu okucaajinga buli luvannyuma lwa kiseera nga ziterekeddwa okumala ekiseera ekiwanvu era nga ziterekeddwa mu mbeera entuufu ey’ebbugumu n’obunnyogovu.
Obuziba bw’okufulumya amazzi .
Obuziba bw’okufulumya (DOD) kye kitundu ku kikumi eky’obusobozi bw’okufulumya okutuuka ku busobozi obugereddwa, era enkolagana yaayo ey’okubala n’embeera y’omusango (SOC) eri bweti:
dod=1-S0C .
Obuziba bw’okufulumya amazzi bulina kinene kye bukola ku bulamu bwa bbaatule ey’okubiri. Okutwalira awamu, obuziba bw’okufulumya obuziba bwa bbaatule ey’okubiri gye bukoma okuba obuziba, obulamu bwayo gye bukoma okuba obumpi. N’olwekyo, okufulumya bbaatule ez’okubiri mu buziba kulina okwewalibwa nga bwe kisoboka mu kiseera ky’okukozesa bbaatule.
Enfuga y’okusiibulwa .
Enfuga y’okufulumya etegeeza embeera ez’enjawulo ezirambikiddwa mu kiseera kya bbaatule okufuluma, okusinga nga mulimu omuwendo gw’okufulumya (guriwo kati), vvulovumenti y’okukomya, n’ebbugumu.
(1) Amasannyalaze agafuluma agafuluma gategeeza obunene bwa kasasiro mu kiseera kya bbaatule okufuluma. Obunene bw’akasannyalazo akafuluma bukosa butereevu ebiraga omulimu ogw’enjawulo ogwa bbaatule. N’olwekyo, nga oleeta obusobozi oba amaanyi ga bbaatule, obunene bw’akasannyalazo akafulumya n’embeera y’okufulumya birina okulagibwa. Amasannyalaze agafuluma gatera okulagibwa ng’omuwendo gw’okufulumya, ekitegeeza omutindo bbaatule gw’efulumya. Kiyinza okulagibwa mu ngeri bbiri: omuwendo gw’ebiseera n’omuwendo gw’abakubisaamu.
Omuwendo gw’obudde gwe muwendo gw’okufulumya ogulagibwa mu kiseera ky’okufulumya (H), kwe kugamba, ekiseera (h) ekyetaagisa okufuluma obusobozi obugereddwa ku kasannyalazo akamu ak’okufulumya. Kitera okulagibwa nga C/N, nga C ye busobozi obugerekebwa ate n ye current emu ey’okufulumya. Omuwendo gw’ebiseera era guyitibwa omuwendo gwa buli ssaawa. Okugeza, singa obusobozi obugereddwa obwa bbaatule buba 50A·H, era nga bufulumya ku current ya 5A, olwo omuwendo gw’obudde guba 50A·H/5A=10h, era nga battery egamba nti efulumya ku 10-hour rate. Nga bwe kirabibwa okuva mu nkola y’okubalirira, ekiseera ekikiikirirwa omuwendo gw’okufulumya gye kikoma okuba ekitono, akasannyalazo akafulumya ke kaali kasinga okwetaagisa; Okwawukana ku ekyo, ekiseera ekikiikirira omuwendo gw’okufulumya gye kikoma okuba ekiwanvu, akasannyalazo akafulumya ke kaali kasinga okwetaagisa.
Omutindo gw’okufulumya mu butuufu gutegeeza ekifulumizibwa mu kiseera kino bbaatule nga efulumya obusobozi bwayo obw’ekipimo mu kiseera ekigere. Kyenkanya mu namba n’omugatte gw’obusobozi obugereddwa. Okugeza, omuwendo gw’amazzi agafuluma mu 3C kitegeeza nti akasannyalazo akafuluma kakubisaamu emirundi esatu obusobozi obugereddwa. Singa obusobozi bwa bbaatule buba 15a·h, olwo amazzi agafuluma galina okuba...
Mu ngeri eya bulijjo, emiwendo gy’okusiibulwa wansi wa 1/3c gitwalibwa ng’egya wansi-, 1/3c okutuuka ku 3c gya wakati-, ate waggulu wa 3C giri waggulu-rate.
(2) Okuggyawo okufuluma vvulovumenti y’okuggwaako kw’okufulumya ekwatagana butereevu n’ebintu bya bbaatule era ekosebwa ensonga ez’enjawulo nga ensengeka ya bbaatule, omuwendo gw’okufulumya, n’ebbugumu eribeera mu kifo. Okutwalira awamu, mu kiseera ky’ebbugumu eri wansi-, waggulu-okufuluma mu kiseera kino, okuwunyiriza kw’amasannyalaze kuli waggulu, ebintu ebikola tebisobola kukozesebwa mu bujjuvu, era vvulovumenti ya bbaatule egwa mangu. N’olwekyo, vvulovumenti y’okukomya esobola okulagibwa wansi mu kiseera ky’okufuluma kwa wansi-ebuguma oba waggulu -Current (waggulu-omuwendo). Mu kiseera ky’okufulumya okutono-okufuluma kw’amasannyalaze, okuwunyiriza kw’obusannyalazo (electrode polarization) kutono, ebintu ebikola bisobola okukozesebwa mu bujjuvu, era vvulovumenti y’okukomya esobola okulagibwa waggulu.
Ng’oggyeeko ebiraga omulimu omukulu waggulu, bbaatule era yeetaagibwa okuba nga si-Toxic, si kuleeta bucaafu oba okukulukuta mu mbeera eyeetoolodde, okuba obukuumi okukozesa, okuba n’omulimu omulungi ogw’okucaajinga n’okukola okucaajinga okungu, okuba okukankana-eguziyiza, obutaba na kijjukizo, obutaba na magezi ku nkyukakyuka mu bbugumu eritali ly’ewala, era nga kyangu okutereeza n’okulabirira.
