Ebintu ebiziyiza ennimi z’omuliro kye ki?
Nafuna essimu omwezi oguwedde okuva mu pack assembler mu Ohio. Kasitoma we yayagala okumanya lwaki yinsuwa yaabwe eya sitoowa yalinnya ebitundu 40% oluvannyuma lw’okutandika okutereka obutoffaali bwa lithium. Omuwandiisi w’ebiwandiiko yawadde ensonga y’okudduka ebbugumu. Omukuŋŋaanyizo yambuuza ky’ayinza okubabuulira ku by’okwerinda kw’amasannyalaze. Namugamba ekintu kye kimu kye mbuulira buli muntu. Ebiziyiza bya kaboni mu butoffaali bwo bijja kwokya. Ekyebuuzibwa kiki ky’okola ku nsonga eyo.
Electrolyte ekola mpozzi 10-15% ku buzito bw’obutoffaali. ethylene kaboneti, dimethyl kaboneti, ethyl methyl kaboneti. Zino ze mbalaasi z’okukola. Zisaanuusa bulungi eminnyo gya lithium. Baleka ayoni okutambula amangu. Bano era balina flash points mu diguli 30-40. Akasenge k’ensawo akafumitiddwa kasobola okukuba diguli 200 munda mu ddakiika ntono. Okubala tekuzibuwalira.
Ebirungo bya phosphorus byalabika mu bbaatule z’amasannyalaze nga 2003. Trimethyl phosphate ye bantu abaasooka okugezesebwa mu ngeri ey’amaanyi. Kikola nga kifulumya PO radicals nga kifunye ebbugumu. Ebirungo ebyo bikwata haidrojeni okuva mu maaso g’ennimi z’omuliro ne biggalawo ensengekera y’olujegere lw’okwokya. Osobola okusalako self-okuzikira okuva ku 50+ sekondi buli gram okutuukira ddala ku digito emu. Okusuubulagana kwa viscosity. Phosphates egonza amasannyalaze. ION conductivity egwa. Ofiirwa obusobozi bwa rate.
ku makampuni sourcing cells, nga obuuza .Lithium Battery Pack Omukozi .Ebikwata ku nkola y’amasannyalaze (electrolyte formulation) yandibadde nkola ya mutindo kati. Ensi ekyuse okuva mu 2020. Abachina abakola obutoffaali kati basindika ebintu ne phosphate-ester blends ezikuba ennimi z’omuliro ze zimu nga obutoffaali bwa Japan bwe bwatundibwa emirundi ebiri ku bbeeyi emyaka etaano egiyise. Zhangjiagang Guotai-Huarong egaba amasannyalaze eri abakola obutoffaali abakulu abawerako. Ennongoosereza mu by’okwerinda zitambudde wansi w’omugga.
Ebirungo ebirimu fluorine byajja oluvannyuma. Abakola ku by’amazzi. kaboni ezirimu fluorine nga FEC ne FEMC. Atomu za fluorine ku mugongo gwa molekyu zitaataaganya okusaasaana kw’ekiwujjo mu ngeri ey’enjawulo okusinga phosphorus bw’ekola. Ebyavaamu birungi. Ebisale si bye bino. Ebintu ebirimu fluorine bikyakola 3-5x by’osasula ku kaboni eza bulijjo. Nze mmanyi ba guys ababalambika ku 5-10% just to hit a safety threshold nga tebasaanyawo bill of materials zaabwe.
Amazzi ga Ionic gafunye amawulire mangi nga 2015-2018. Puleesa y’omukka okumpi ne ziro. Tegenda kukuma omuliro mu mbeera yonna eya bulijjo ey’okutulugunyizibwa. Natambulako mu laabu emu mu Münster eyali emaze emyaka mukaaga ng’agikolera. Omunoonyereza yandaga obutoffaali obwawona diguli 200 ez’ebweru nga tewali kufulumya mpewo. Era yang’amba nti baali basasula €85/kg ku liquid ya ionic. Commercial EC/DMC blends zigula wansi wa €4/kg. Eby’enfuna byagusse olw’emmotoka. Ebimu ku bikozesebwa mu by’omu bbanga bisobola okunyiga omuwendo ogwo. Abasinga tebasobola.
Gel polymer electrolytes zikwata enkola ey’enjawulo. Otega ekitundu ky’amazzi mu matriksi ya polimeeri. PVDF-HFP ya bulijjo. Ebibinja ebimu bizimba phosphorus butereevu mu mugongo gwa polimeeri. Obulwadde bw’ennimi z’omuliro bufuuka bwa nsengeka. Abanoonyereza mu Qingdao University baafulumya omulimu omwaka oguwedde ku nkola za polyimide nga balina phosphazene side chains. Okwefuula -Ebiseera ebizimbulukuka wansi wa sikonda 5. Amaanyi g’ebyuma waggulu ekimala okukendeeza ku kukula kwa dendrite. Okusoomoozebwa kuli mu kukola. Roll-to-Okusiiga okusiiga kwa gel electrolytes tekukuze nga okujjuza amazzi.
nga twekenneenya a .Custom Lithium Battery Omugabi .Ku nkola z’amakolero, buuza ebibuuzo ebitongole ebikwata ku byokwerinda. Seti y’ensengekera yo ey’amasannyalaze (electrolyte formulation) eri etya? Concentration ki ey’ekirungo ekiziyiza omuliro (flame retardant additive) ky’okozesa? Osobola okuwaayo ebikwata ku cone calorimetry? Abamu ku bakola obutoffaali bajja kugabana amawulire gano. Abalala bakitwala nga kya bwannannyini. Ebika bya premium bitera okukola 12-18% phosphate-based additive ku buzito mu butoffaali bwabyo obw’emmotoka obw’omutindo.
Amakolero gagezesa ennimi z’omuliro eziddirira mu ngeri eziwerako. Okwefuula -Ekiseera ky'okuzikira kye kisinga amangu. Okoleeza sampuli n’obudde bw’emala ng’eyokya oluvannyuma lw’okuggyawo ensibuko y’okukuma omuliro. Okukomya omuwendo gwa oxygen kikutegeeza nti O2 ekitono ennyo ekyetaagisa okusobola okuyimirizaawo okwokya. UL 2054 ne IEC 62133 ziteekawo emisingi gya pass/fail eri obutoffaali obuwedde. China’s GB 38031-2020 yeetaaga eddakiika 5 ez’okulabula nga okusaasaana kw’ebbugumu tekunnatuuka mu butoffaali oburiraanye mu paaka. Okusisinkana spec eyo emirundi mingi kyetaagisa ennimi z’omuliro eziziyiza amasannyalaze.
Okujjukira ensonga eno kwasikambula mu maaso. GM yazzaayo EV 140,000 okutandika mu 2021. Hyundai yajjukidde kkampuni ya Kona Electrics. Ford yalwawo okukola okumyansa. Ebikolo ebivaako ebikolo byawukana. Abamu baali balema mu kukola. Abamu baali nsonga za dizayini y’obutoffaali. Bonna baakola ebitongole ebigula ebintu bya OEM okubuuza ebibuuzo ebizibu. NnaLithium Battery OEM Omukwanaganya .Okugezaako okufuna ebisaanyizo bya Automotive kati kyolekedde okwekenneenya ennyo ebiwandiiko ebikwata ku bukuumi bw’ebbugumu okusinga bwe byali mu 2019.
Ebisale by’ebintu byongera ku ssente entuufu ku mutendera. A 60 kWh automotive pack erimu nga 40-50 kg ya electrolyte okusinziira ku nkola y’obutoffaali n’okutikka. Okwongerako 15% flame retardant ku $15/kg incremental cost kitegeeza $90-110 buli pack. Ensimbi ezisaasaanyizibwa ku ddaala ly’obutoffaali zikendedde wansi wa $100/kWh ku buseere bwa LFP Prismatic cells okuva mu China. Ekyo ekiziyiza ennimi z’omuliro kikiikirira ebitundu nga 1.5% ku nsaasaanya y’obutoffaali. Ttiimu z’okugula ebintu zikaayana ku ssente buli kWh. Kino si ssente za ssente.
ku lwa kkampuni ezizimba enkolagana n’omuntu .Lithium Battery Module Assembly Omuwa ., ensengeka y’amasannyalaze etera okubuusibwa amaaso mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo nga bukyali. Abantu essira baliteeka ku busobozi, obulamu bw’enzirukanya, c-Rate. Flame retardancy eraga oluvannyuma, ebiseera ebisinga nga kasitoma w’enkomerero asaba ebiwandiiko by’obukuumi. Mu kiseera ekyo dizayini y’obutoffaali eba esibiddwa. Okuddaabiriza ensengeka y’amasannyalaze ey’enjawulo kiyinza okukyusa impedansi, obusobozi, n’engeri z’okukaddiwa. Kirungi okulaga mu maaso.
Omudumu gw’okunoonyereza gulina omulimu ogw’enjawulo mu gwo. Localized high-Ebisengejja eby’amasannyalaze bikozesa ebiziyiza bya phosphate ebifukiddwamu ebitaali-ebitangalijja ebitangalijja ebitangalijja. Ofuna ennimi z’omuliro eziddirira eza phosphates n’obugumu n’obutambuzi bwa kaboni ez’ekinnansi. Argonne afulumizza ku nsonga eno. Ebibinja bya yunivasite ebiwerako mu China bikola ku nkyukakyuka. Okubeerawo mu by’obusuubuzi osanga emyaka 2-3 egy’okufuluma okutuuka ku ddaala ly’emmotoka.
Obutoffaali obugumu-bujja kugonjoola ekizibu ky’omuliro ddala. Electrolytes za ceramic ne sulfide teziyokya. Era teziriiwo ku mutendera gw’okufulumya mmotoka. Catl, Samsung SDI, Toyota, ne Quantumscape bonna banyigirizza ebiseera byabwe ebigumu-ebimala emyaka 2-4 mu birango ebisembyeyo. NnaLithium battery safety solutions .Ajja kukugamba nti amasannyalaze agaziyiza ennimi z’omuliro (flame retardant liquid electrolytes) gasigala nga ge gakola mu nkola okuyita waakiri mu 2028 ku kukozesebwa okusinga.
Namala emyaka kkumi n’etaano nga nkola ku kizibu kino mu mirimu egy’enjawulo. Tekinologiya ono alongoosezza. Ebisale bikendedde. Omuliro gw’obutoffaali gukyaliwo. Zibaawo emirundi mitono okusinga bwe zaali emyaka kkumi egiyise, era obutoffaali leero butereka amaanyi mangi okusinga obutoffaali mu kiseera ekyo. Amakolero gano gaatambula mu kkubo ettuufu. Waliwo emirimu mingi egy’okukola.
