Okukozesa obutoffaali okutebenkeza mu bbaatule za lithium kye ki?

Mbadde nkola battery pack teardown ne BMS design okumala kumpi emyaka 12. Buli muntu lw'ambuuza nti "okutebenkeza ddala kukola ki?", mbalaga ebifaananyi bibiri: Ekimu kiba 2-year-E-bike pack 36 old 36 V e-bike nga tewali balancing (ekitundu ky'obutoffaali ku 1.8 V, ebisigadde ku 4.18 V), ekirala kiri batch y'emu nga 100 mA passive balaner (all cells still still within 12 MV after 3 MV). Eyo y'ensonga yonna mu kifaananyi kimu.

Mu paaka entuufu, obutoffaali tebuzaalibwa nga bwenkana. Twala 100 brand-obutoffaali obupya obwa Samsung 50e okuva mu tray y’emu: okusaasaana kw’obusobozi kutera kuba ±30 mAh, self-Omuwendo gw’okufuuwa guyinza okwawukana emirundi 2–3, era okuziyiza okw’omunda kuyinza okwawukana 3–5 mΩ. Oluvannyuma lwa 200 cycles abanafu bagwa emabega n’okusingawo. Awatali kugeraageranya, obusobozi bwa pack bulagirwa akatoffaali akasinga obunafu ku chajingi n’akatoffaali akasinga amaanyi ku kufulumya. Ofiirwa obusobozi bwa 20–40 % obukozesebwa mu mwaka ogusooka gwokka.

Active Cell Balancing

Waliwo engeri bbiri zokka abantu mu butuufu gye bakwataganamu mu kukola:

Kino 95 % ku packs wansi wa 20 kWh use.
chips entuufu ojja kulaba ku boards:

Ti BQ769x2 / BQ769x3 / BQ78Z100

Ebyuma ebifaanagana LTC6804 / LTC6811 / LTC6813

Enjogera y’oku ntikko MAX14920 / MAX14921 .

NXP MC33771 / MC33772 .

Ekika kya bleed current ekya bulijjo: 80–150 mA (BQ76952 esobola okusika 220 mA singa okwatagana ne ppini bbiri).
Omuwendo gwa resistor mu kukola mass: Kumpi bulijjo 27 Ω oba 33 Ω 2512 1 w package.
trigger settings Mu butuufu nkozesa:
Tandika okuvaamu omusaayi ku 15–25 mV waggulu wa pack average mu kiseera kya CV, yimirira nga delta ekka wansi wa 6–8 mV.
Bwogezaako okugoba 2 mV ojja kumala kufumba board emirembe gyonna.

Ebbugumu kye kizibu ekituufu. Scooter pack ya 16s nga erina 100 mA Bleed esobola okusuula 7–8 W butereevu ku BMS PCB. Eno y’ensonga lwaki ezo eza layisi 20-e-bike boards warp and crack oluvannyuma lw’omusana gumu mu musana.

Bw'omala okugenda waggulu wa ~30 kWh kumpi buli muntu akyusa n'adda ku active.

Real-Eby'okulabirako by'ensi Nkutuse:

Tesla Model S/X (2012–2021): DC entono-Amatoffaali ga DC ku HVJB, ~1 A buli modulo

BMW i3 (emyaka gyonna): Module ya inductive transformer, omugerageranyo gwa 24 ku 1, nga 2 a

Byd Blade Packs: Okubuuka-Ebipande bya Capacitor nga byesigamiziddwa ku Infineon TLF35568 Enteekateeka y'okujuliza

Ebisolo ebitereka eby’Abachina: DC eyawuddwamu -DC modules ezitambula 15–20 A okubuna omuguwa gwonna ogwa 700 V .

OFF-Ebipande by'ennyindo-Mu butuufu abantu bagula:

1–2 A green Aliexpress Flying-Ebipande bya capacitor (ebyo ebirina obuuma obutono obuyitibwa relays 8–16)

Heltec / Orion BMS Gen4 / Rec Q / Dilithium: 5–8 A n’okunyogoza okulungi .

Cell Balancing

OEM ezisinga zitebenkedde mu 10–15 % waggulu SOC kubanga voltage curve ebeera flat nnyo wansi wa 3.45 V (NMC) oba 3.40 V (LFP).
Tesla waits until >90 % SOC era adduka balancing yokka okumala edakiika 30–60 ezisembayo.
Ebiwandiiko byange ebya BMW i3 ebya 2017 biraga inductive balancer yokka ezuukuka nga delta > 30 mV era pack current < 5 a.

Nnina ddulaaya ejjude 2016–2018 low-EVE EV packs okuva ku lukalu lwa China eyakekkereza $0.80 nga nsazaamu resistors ezivaamu omusaayi. Oluvannyuma lw’emyezi 18 obutoffaali obunafu bugenda negativu buli kufuluma, ekikomo kisaanuuka, dendrites zikula, separator esaanuuka, omuliro. Nze ndabye 72 V 20 AH packs nga zigwa okutuuka ku 8–9 AH usable mu myezi 14. Slap a $12 active balancer ku bo era bakomawo ku 18–19 AH. Essomo liyigiddwa mu ngeri enzibu.

Wansi wa 15 kWh → Passive eri bulungi era ejja kusigala emirembe gyonna (Scooters, Power Tools, Drones)

400 V+ or >50 kWh → Active oba ojja kuba okyusakyusa module buli mwaka .

Buli EV emu entuufu etundibwa leero erina balancing. Enkyukakyuka yokka eri nti oba nga ye resistors 33 Ω oba $300 active board.

Ekyo kye kibala ky'obutoffaali. Tewali kintu kya magezi. Just stoping the good cells okusika wansi Brother omu omugayaavu eyasalawo okukaddiwa amangu.

Cell Balancing