Enkola y’okunyogoza kye ki?
Ekibuuzo okuva ewa James Wong, Fremont, California.
Nkola ku kkolero lya GM-Toyota NUMMI erikadde wano era twaakawulira nti tugenda kuzimba mmotoka ey'amasannyalaze olunaku lumu. Abantu basigala boogera ku kunyogoza bbaatule. Emboozi entuufu eri etya?
Yaddiddwamu Richard Flagan, Pulofeesa wa Chemical Engineering ne Yinginiya w’obutonde bw’ensi mu Caltech.
(Nze nsinga kukola mirimu gya aerosol, naye nfunye okusendebwasendebwa mu pulojekiti za bbaatule bbiri ne JPL ne kkampuni z’emmotoka ennaku zino.)
Lithium-ion pack ekola ebbugumu eryewuunyisa nga ogisika. Pack ya kWh 60 ku charge ya 3C esobola okuyiwa ebbugumu lya kW 15–20. Oyo ka space heater akatono akaddukira munda wansi mu mmotoka. Kireke era obutoffaali obwa wakati bukuba 60℃nga okyagezaako okutuuka ku 80 % charge. Obulamu bugwa mangu waggulu wa diguli 45 , kale olina okuggya ebbugumu.
Paaka ezisinga kati zikozesa obupande obunnyogovu obwa aluminiyamu obupapajjo obuwanvu nga mm 4–6 nga munda mulimu omukutu ogussiddwaako sitampu. Oserengesa essuuka emu wakati wa buli modulo bbiri oba wansi wa buli lunyiriri lw’ensawo. Ebbakuli ejjula oluwuzi olugonvu olwa ‘thermal paste’ ku wansi w’obutoffaali. Ebipande bya GM ebya Ultium bwe bityo. Tesla yali ewunyiriza ttanka eyeetooloovu wansi w'emyaka gya 18650 ne 2170 mu zigzag-eringa spaghetti, ekola bulungi, naye kiruma okukuŋŋaanya. Pack empya eya 4680 mu Texas yagenda ku ribiini egazi ezingibwa mu kifo kya ttanka eyeetooloovu. Kyangu okuweta.
Ekinyogoza kumpi bulijjo kiba 50/50 amazzi-glycol n’ebiziyiza ebya bulijjo. Mmotoka ezimu ez’empaka ez’ekika kya prototype zikola glycol omulongoofu oba wadde silicone oil, naye ekyo tewali akisindika eri bakasitoma. Okukulukuta kutera kuba liita 10–20 buli ddakiika ku paaka ennene. Pampu eno katono ka 400 W brushless nga kadduka ku 12 V. Kabeera wansi wa hood oba mu frunk.
Radiator etuula mu maaso ga A/C condenser. Ku sipiidi ya freeway ofuna empewo nnyingi, naye ng’otudde ku Supercharger ku lunaku lwa 110℃F mu Barstow ffaani y’amasannyalaze erina okusika ennyo. Eno y’ensonga lwaki Tesla yayongerako akatono aka octopus valve emyaka mitono emabega-leka chiller okwewola firiigi ennyogovu okuva mu cabin A/C loop nga ddala eyokya.
Okusaasaana kw’ebbugumu kwe kutta. Singa akatoffaali akasinga okunnyogoga kaba ka diguli 25 ate akasinga okubuguma ne ka diguli 40 ofirwa mpozzi 15–20 % ku bulamu bw’enzirukanya y’ekipapula. Kale inlet manifold erina okwawulamu flow kyenkanyi. Kkampuni ezimu zikola ebyuma ebifulumya emikutu emitonotono mu buli ttabi. Abalala bamala kufuula mikutu miwanvu ate nga gigonvu kale amaanyi g’okugwa kwa puleesa ne genkanankana okukulukuta. BYD's blade cell pack eddukanya coolant ku ludda oluwanvu olw'akasenge mu kifo kya wansi-claims better uniformity.
Obudde obw’ennyogovu kye kitundu omuntu yenna kye yayogerako mu 1999. Wansi wa diguli nga 0 tosobola kucaajinga mangu oba ossaako ekyuma kya lithium n’otta akasenge. Kale loopu y’emu enyogoga kati erina okubuguma. Ekyuma ekibugumya ekya PTC ekya kW 3–5 kituula mu tterekero oba amangu ddala nga ppampu ewedde. BMS etunuulira vvulovumenti z’obutoffaali ng’ensowera mu kiseera ky’okubuguma nga tekunnabaawo.
Puleesa etera okuba 1–1.5 bar gauge. Ekuuma ekifo ky’okubuguma waggulu ku diguli 115–120 kale tofuna nsawo za mukka singa akatoffaali kasalawo okugenda mu bbugumu ery’ebweru.
Twaddukanya modulo ya 30-cell ku katebe omwaka oguwedde mu JPL. Nga etonnya yava ku diguli 25 okutuuka ku diguli 65 mu ddakiika munaana ku 200 A discharge. Pampu gikole ku 12 L/min era n'etuukira ku 38℃. Eddakiika munaana versus never-y'ensonga lwaki buli pack ya serious erina liquid cooling kati.
Ekyo kye kifaananyi ekikulu. Ebikwata ku nsonga eno bikyuka buli mwaka gwa model, naye physics tekyuka.
