Okucaajinga current kye ki?
Kasitoma alaga ne spec sheet ng’abuuza oba basobola okusasuza ku 1C. Osobola. Naye 1c ye siringi, so si kuteesa. Abantu bangi nnyo tebafuna njawulo eno, oba bagifuna naye tebafaayo. Okutuusa bbaatule lw’efa nga bukyali era omuntu alina okunnyonnyola ekigenda obubi.
Okucaajinga current y’engeri gy’osika amasannyalaze mu bbaatule. Amperes. Okutunuulira amps zokka tekirina mugaso, olina okulaba enkolagana n'obusobozi. 100ah battery ku 100A is 1c, theoretically full in one hour. Ku 50A ekyo kiri 0.5c, essaawa bbiri. Akatoffaali ka 18650 akaaweebwa ekipimo kya 2600mAh, 0.5c kitegeeza 1.3a. C-rate ye ngeri y’amakolero ey’omutindo gw’okugeraageranya bbaatule ez’enjawulo ez’obunene ku musingi ogw’enkanankana.
Battery za lithium ezisinga zikola bulungi ku 0.5C okukozesebwa buli lunaku. Tubadde tukola bbaatule za forklift okumala ekiseera ekimala okulaba nga packs nnyingi zittibwa 1c charging. Obutagamba 1c tesobola kukola, short term it's fine, naye oluvannyuma lw'enzirukanya ebikumi bina oba bitaano enjawulo eraga. Packs za 0.5C zikyagenda mu maaso n’amaanyi, eza 1C zaagwa dda. Osobola okunnyonnyola chemistry byonna by’oyagala, abantu tebakikkiriza okutuusa nga balabye data okuva mu kibinja kyabwe.
Lwaki kino kibaawo? Lithium ions zeetaaga okuyingira mu layers za graphite ku anode nga zicaajinga. Current too high, ions tesobola kusimba nnyiriri mangu okusobola okuyingira, zituuma ku ngulu nga metallic lithium mu kifo ky’ekyo. Lithium ey’ekyuma ekula n’efuuka dendrites, ekuba okuyita mu separator, internal short circuit, thermal runaway. Ebintu ebibaawo mu kkolero lya bbaatule bikola amawulire gano buli luvannyuma lwa myezi mitono. Ebivaako ebingi ebiseera ebisinga, naye ensonga z’okusasuza ziraga mu kwekenneenya ensonga eziviirako emirundi mingi okusinga abakola ebintu bye baagala okukkiriza.
Okucaajinga bbaatule ya lithium kulina emitendera esatu.
Buli muntu mu bizinensi kino akimanyi naye si buli muntu nti afaayo ku byonna ebisatu.
pre-ekisale .
Voltage wansi wa 3V, tosobola kugikuba na full current. Anode material structure efuna obutabeera nnywevu oluvannyuma lw’okusiibulwa mu buziba, ekiwaliriza current mu kivaako okwonooneka okutasobola kuddamu. Pre-Eddaala ly’ekisannyalazo likozesa ebitundu nga 10% ebya current eya bulijjo, mpola mpola ezza voltage. Mpozzi 0.05c okutuusa nga voltage edda waggulu w'omusingi. Chajingi nnyingi eza layisi zibuuka kino kyonna. Battery etudde mu kiseera kyonna eky’obutiti mu sitoowa etabuguma, voltage egwa ku 2-point-something, spring ejja n’omuntu n’agiteeka butereevu mu full current. Nga wayise emyezi mukaaga ebizibu bitandika okulabika. Omusono guno tugulaba buli mwaka okuva mu bakasitoma b’omu bukiikakkono. Emboozi y’emu, ekivaamu kye kimu.
Akasannyalazo akatali kakyukakyuka .
Constant current stage ekola okusitula okuzitowa. Current esigala nga nnywevu nga voltage elinnya, 0.5c ekutuusa ku nga 80% mu ssaawa ezitasukka bbiri. Wano amasoboza agasinga we gayingira.Si nnyo okunnyonnyola ku kitundu kino, kikola mu ngeri gy’osuubira.
Voltage etakyukakyuka .
Constant voltage stage abantu kyebagala okubuuka. Oluvannyuma lwa vvulovumenti okukuba siringi-4.2V buli katoffaali ku kemiko ey’emirundi esatu nga NMC, 3.65V ku LFP-Current erina okukendeera ku bwayo. Voltage ekwata steady, current egwa nga cell esemberera full, termination ku around 0.01c. Ku lw’ekyo 2600mAh 18650 ekyo kitegeeza nga 26mA ku nkomerero yennyini. Omutendera guno gutwala essaawa nga emu. Bw’oba olaba essaawa n’osaba forklift okudda wansi, phase eno esala. Result is either 10-15% undercharged oba oba okkaatiriza cathode ng'ogezaako okukaka obusobozi obusingawo mu.Teither is good naye abantu bakikola anyway.
Ensonga y’ebbugumu .
Ebbugumu likyusa ebintu. Cold electrolyte is viscous, ion tezitambula bulungi. Same 0.5c ekola fine ku room temperature eyinza okuleeta lithium plating wansi wa freezing. Okutereka mu firiigi n’okukozesa sitoowa mu firiigi byetaaga bbaatule nga zirina enkola z’ebbugumu ezizimbibwamu Obutoffaali obubuguma okutuuka ku diguli 5 nga tonnakkiriza charge current. Bakasitoma balowooza nti okufumbisa tekyetaagisa okutuusa nga bbaatule zifudde nga bukyali. Olwo ne bajja nga babuuza lwaki tewali yabalabula. Twakola okulabula. Ekipande kya spec kigamba nti ebbugumu ly’okukola olw’ensonga.
LFP ekwata bulungi okusinga ternary, ekitundu ku nsonga lwaki efuga mu kukwata ebintu kati. Obutoffaali obumu obwapimibwa ku 15C charging. Asobola okukikwata tekitegeeza nti alina okukikola. Twakola ebigezo by’okugeraageranya, 1C vs 0.5C okumala ebbanga eddene, emyaka ebiri egyenkanankana n’obugaali. Enjawulo mu busobozi yali 8-12% okusinziira ku ngeri ebbugumu gye lyafugibwamu obulungi. Si katyabaga naye eyo ssente za ddala ng’otunuulidde ssente z’okukyusa ebidduka.
Obulabe bw’okukola .
Ensonga endala ejja buli kiseera kwe kukwatagana ne Charger. Charger ya 0.5C yazimbibwa ku 200AH outputs 100A. Swap in a 100ah replacement battery ate omulundi gumu obeera ku 1C oba wali ogenderera ekyo oba nedda. Kibaawo buli kiseera mu kiseera ky’okulongoosa ebyuma n’okukyusa bbaatule. Tewali akebera oba charger ekyali ntuufu ku pack empya. Battery ekola bulungi okutuusa nga tekola.
Waliwo enjogera mu bizinensi ya battery ya forklift, battery cost eri 30% ku loole yonna. OSHA erina amateeka ag’enjawulo agakwata ku bifo ebicaajinga, 1910.178, ebyetaago by’okufuuwa empewo ya haidrojeni, ebifo eby’okunaabiramu amaaso, okukwata asidi. lead-Acid Era bino byali bya kiragiro kubanga okuzimba omukka gwa haidrojeni mu kiseera ky’okucaajinga kuba kwa bbomu. Lithium Era Ekizibu kya haidrojeni kyagenda naye thermal runaway risk yamala kukyusa ffoomu. Obulabe obw’enjawulo, bukyalina okufaayo.
Okucaajinga current ye nnamba yokka ku spec sheet. Emabega waakyo battery yo ewangaala n’okumanya oba waliwo ekigenda obubi nga tekinnaba kulina. Funa okulonda okutuufu ng’olaga ebyuma, ku buseere okusinga okukyusa bbaatule oluvannyuma lw’ebizibu okulaga.
