Ebika bya chajingi eby’enjawulo bye biruwa?
Ebika bya chajingi .
Ebisale by’emmotoka eby’amasannyalaze bisobola okwawulwamu ebika eby’enjawulo okusinziira ku mutindo gw’okugabanya ogw’enjawulo, nga bwe kiragibwa mu kipande 11-5.
Omulongooti 11-5 Ebika by’ebintu ebikuba mmotoka ez’amasannyalaze .
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(1) ON-Ekipande ky'olubaawo (OBC) .Ekipande kya ON-kiteekebwa mu mmotoka ey’amasannyalaze era kiyungibwa ku mudumu gwa AC nga kiyita mu pulaagi ne waya. Ekirungi kya ON-ekipande kya bboodi kiri nti bbaatule esobola okusasulwa essaawa yonna gye yeetaaga okucaajinga, kasita wabaawo ekifo ekifulumya amasannyalaze ekiriwo. Ekifaananyi 11-18 kiraga 6.6kW ON-ekipande ky'olubaawo. Ekifaananyi 11-19 kiraga chajingi ezikozesebwa ennyo ku nnyonyi.
(2) Ekisaawe ky’oku ttaka .Ground charger okutwalira awamu eteekebwa mu kifo ekigere, eyungibwa ku AC input power supply, era DC output yaayo eyungibwa ku charging interface y’emmotoka ey’amasannyalaze eyetaaga charging. Ground charger esobola okuwa waggulu-Power current output, tekoma ku kifo ky'okuteeka mmotoka, era esobola okutuukiriza ebyetaago bya waggulu-amaanyi g'emmotoka ez'amasannyalaze ez'amaanyi.
(3) chajingi ekola amasannyalaze n’ekyuma ekikuba amasannyalaze (inductive charger) .Ekifulumizibwa mu A .Charger ekola amasannyalaze .Atambuza amaanyi g’amasannyalaze butereevu ku mmotoka y’amasannyalaze ng’ayita mu waya ng’ogicaajinga. Waliwo akakwate akalabika wakati w’ebibiri bino, era mmotoka y’amasannyalaze terimu nkulungo za masannyalaze ez’amasannyalaze.
Nga bwe kiragibwa mu kifaananyi 11-20, .Ekisannyalazo kya inductive .ekozesa enkola y’okutambuza amaanyi g’amasannyalaze, okutambuza amaanyi g’amasannyalaze eri ekidduka eky’amasannyalaze okuyita mu kuyungibwa kw’amasannyalaze aga magineeti. Tewali kuyungibwa kwa makanika butereevu wakati w’ekitundu ky’amasannyalaze n’ekitundu ekifuna; Okukyusa amasoboza wakati w’ebibiri kwesigamye ku kukyusa amasoboza ga masanyalaze gokka. Enteekateeka y’enzimba y’enkola eno ey’okucaajinga nzibu nnyo; Ekitundu ekifuna kiteekebwa mu mmotoka ey’amasannyalaze era nga kikoma ku kifo mmotoka w’eteeka, bwe kityo ne kiziyiza amasannyalaze. Naye, olw’okuba abakozi abasasula tekyetaagisa kukwatagana butereevu-ebitundu bya vvulovumenti, obukuumi bwayo buli waggulu.
(4) Charger eya bulijjo ne chajingi ekola emirimu mingi .ECharger owa bulijjo .Only egaba omulimu gw’okucaajinga bbaatule y’amasannyalaze. Mu kiseera kino, chajingi entuufu ezikozesebwa okusinga AC-okuyingiza, kale ekitundu ekikyusa amasannyalaze ekya chajingi mu bukulu kiba kikyusa AC/DC. OMUCharger ekola emirimu mingi .Tekikoma ku kuwa mulimu gwa kucaajinga bbaatule y’amasannyalaze wabula esobola n’okuwa emirimu ng’okugezesa obusobozi ku bbaatule y’amasannyalaze, okunyigiriza harmonic ku mudumu gw’amasannyalaze, okuliyirira kw’amaanyi agakola, n’okuteeka emigugu.
Ekisannyalazo kya high-power ground charger okusinga kibeera kya .Conductive high-Ekiyungo ky'amaanyi ., etera okukozesa amaanyi ga AC asatu{0}}Phase nga okuyingiza, okufuna DC Bus voltage oluvannyuma lw’okuyita mu bridge ya diode rectifier ne LC filter stage, n’oluvannyuma ekozesa isolated full-bridge DC/DC converter for voltage conversion. Ebiriwo ebyawuddwamu-Topologies za DC/DC converter mulimu ebikaluba ebikaluba -ebikyusa PWM, ebikyusa ebiyungo eby’omuddiring’anwa/eby’omuddiring’anwa, omutala ogw’emirundi ebiri (dab), ne phase-ebikyusiddwa -ebikyusa omutala. Mu byo, ensengekera enkulu ey’enkulungo n’enkola y’okufuga ey’ekikyusa PWM ekikaluba-ekikyusakyusa mu kukyusakyusa (switching PWM converter) bye bisinga okuba ebyangu, ate ebitundu bya magineeti (nga mw’otwalidde ne isolation transformer, output filter inductor, n’ebirala) nabyo bye bisinga okwangu okukola dizayini n’okukola, ekifuula topology esinga okukula era ekozesebwa ennyo ku topology ya waggulu-power chargers. Wabula era erina ebizibu nga switching frequency entono, amaloboozi amangi, n’obunene obunene. Ebisinga okubeera eby’omulembe ebigulumivu-Power chargers buli kiseera bivaayo era nga biteekebwa mu nkola ey’omugaso.
(5) chajingi ey’enjuyi ebbiri . A Charger ow'enjuyi ebbiri ., era emanyiddwa nga topology ya bidirectional, esobola okusaajanya-battery ya board mu current etakyukakyuka oba constant voltage mode, ate mu kiseera kye kimu esobola okuzza amasannyalaze okudda ku grid, okutegeera leveling y’entikko z’omugugu ezikola ku power grid. Era esobola okukola okuliyirira kwa capacitive oba inductive reactive power nga efulumya current ne phase lead oba lag okusinziira ku grid voltage. Nga medium egatta enkola y’okufuga ey’omutendera ogwa waggulu-n’emmotoka ey’amasannyalaze, esobola okukola emirimu gy’okucaajinga n’okuddamu kw’amasannyalaze nga gigatta wamu n’ebiragiro okuva mu kifo eky’okusindika eky’omulembe n’enkola y’okuddukanya bbaatule.
Olw’okukula kwa tekinologiya wa bbaatule y’amasannyalaze n’okulongoosa mu by’obukessi mu mmotoka ez’amasannyalaze, omuwendo n’amaanyi ga siteegi ezicaajinga bikyagenda mu maaso, era n’enkosa ya chajingi ku mudumu gw’amasannyalaze egenda efuuka ya maanyi mpolampola. Mu kiseera kye kimu, okulongoosa omulimu gw’okufulumya mmotoka ez’amasannyalaze n’okukula kwa tekinologiya wa DC Microgrid okutereka amaanyi biwa eby’okugonjoola ebisoboka eby’okucaajinga okukendeeza ku buzibu obuva mu giridi n’okukola okujjuzaamu okubuuka okw’oku ntikko okubuuka n’ekiwonvu. Okugatta ku ekyo, olw’okukendeeza ku ssente ezisaasaanyizibwa mu kukola amasannyalaze g’enjuba, okuteeka ebifo ebikola amasannyalaze g’enjuba mu bifo ebicaajinga nabyo bifuuse eby’okulonda ebisinga obulungi okukendeeza ku buzibu ku mudumu gw’amasannyalaze. Module ezicaajinga mu V2G (Vehicle to Grid), V2V (emmotoka okutuuka ku mmotoka), ne PV optimizer microgrids zifuuse ebyetaago ebipya. V2G kitegeeza tekinologiya wa babiri-okutambuza amaanyi n’amawulire wakati w’emmotoka ey’amasannyalaze n’omukutu gw’amasannyalaze. Ku modulo za V2G, modulo ya AC/DC ey’ennono esoomoozebwa olw’obwetaavu bw’okufuluma okw’okudda emabega, okugaziwa-okufuluma okw’enjawulo, okwa nnamaddala-okukyusa okw’ekiseera bibiri, n’okufuluma okujjuvu-okusinga waggulu-okufuluma kw’obulungi. Mu DC Microgrid, V2V, ne PV energy storage applications, DC/DC module yeetaagibwa obutakoma ku kutuukiriza DC charging wabula n’okubeera n’obusobozi bw’okufulumya reverse n’obusobozi bw’okulondoola power point maximum ku PV. Ebikyusakyusa ebipya eby’enjuyi ebbiri biyingiza amaanyi amapya mu kukulaakulanya tekinologiya wa charger module era bifuuse obulagirizi eri obuyiiya bwa tekinologiya mu biseera eby’omu maaso.
